What is the maximum Zs for a 16A MCB Type B?

The maximum earth fault loop impedance (Zs) for a 16A MCB Type B is 2.73Ω for 0.4s disconnection time, as listed in BS 7671 Table 41.3 of BS 7671:2018+A2:2022. For on-site testing, the measured value must not exceed 2.18Ω (80% of the tabulated value) to account for conductor temperature rise.

What is the testing limit for a 16A MCB Type B?

The testing limit is 2.18Ω. This is 80% of the tabulated maximum Zs (2.73 × 0.8 = 2.18Ω). When you measure Zs on site at ambient temperature, your reading must be at or below this value. If it falls between 2.18Ω and 2.73Ω, you can perform a more precise temperature correction calculation per IET Guidance Note 3.

What fault current is needed to trip a 16A MCB Type B within 0.4 seconds?

A 16A MCB Type B requires a minimum fault current (Ia) of 80A to guarantee tripping within 0.4 seconds. This is derived from the magnetic trip characteristic: 5 × 16A = 80A. The circuit must be capable of delivering at least this current under fault conditions, which is why max Zs is limited to 2.73Ω.

Max Zs for 16A Type B MCB

BS 7671 Table 41.3 — BS 7671:2018+A2:2022

Max Zs (0.4s)

2.73Ω

Testing Limit

2.18Ω

Max Zs (5s)

2.73Ω

Ia (0.4s)

80A

At a Glance

Device: MCB Type B — 16A
Standard: BS EN 60898
Max Zs (0.4s): 2.73Ω
Max Zs (5s): 2.73Ω
Testing Limit (80%): 2.18Ω
Ia (0.4s): 80A

About MCB Type B

Type B MCBs have a magnetic trip range of 3–5× rated current (In). They are the standard choice for domestic and light commercial circuits — lighting, socket outlets, and water heating. The relatively low trip multiplier means higher permissible Zs values compared to Type C or D, making them suitable for circuits with longer cable runs.

Typical Circuits for 16A Type B MCB

Recommended cable sizes for 16A Type B MCB circuits
Circuit	Cable Size	Notes
Radial socket circuit	2.5mm² T&E	Up to 20m² floor area
Towel rail / small heater	2.5mm² T&E	Dedicated supply

Worked Example: Maximum Cable Run for 16A MCB Type B

Maximum Zs (tabulated) = 2.73Ω (BS 7671 Table 41.3)
Testing limit (80%) = 2.73 × 0.8 = 2.18Ω
Assume Ze = 0.35Ω (typical TN-C-S (PME) supply)
Maximum R1+R2 = 2.18 − 0.35 = 1.83Ω
Using 2.5mm² T&E: R1+R2 = 14.82 mΩ/m
Maximum cable run = 1.83 ÷ 0.01482 = 123.5m

On a TN-C-S (PME) supply with 2.5mm² cable, the maximum one-way cable run is approximately 123.5m before Zs exceeds the testing limit. In practice, always measure — parallel earth paths and cable route conditions will affect the actual value.

0.4s and 5s Disconnection — Same Values for Type B

For Type B MCBs, the magnetic trip operates at 3–5× In regardless of whether the required time is 0.4s or 5s. The max Zs is 2.73Ω for both disconnection times at 16A. This means the same limit applies whether protecting a final circuit (0.4s) or a distribution circuit (5s).

16A Across Device Types

Device Type	Max Zs (0.4s)	Testing Limit
MCB Type B	2.73Ω	2.18Ω
MCB Type C	1.37Ω	1.1Ω
MCB Type D	0.68Ω	0.54Ω
BS 88 Fuse	2.42Ω	1.94Ω